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Scoring key

Thirty columns, and what each one counts

An answer sheet is useless without the booklet that says which column feeds which score. This is that booklet. Thirty facets, four questions each, the reading at both ends, and which way round each question is scored.

If you have not taken it yet, take it first. This page tells you which question belongs to which score. Once you know that, you cannot un-know it while answering, and your own numbers stop meaning very much.

Take it first

Why thirty numbers and not five

The five broad traits are averages. Underneath each one sit six narrower things that often disagree with each other, and the average hides the disagreement. Two people can both score 50 on Conscientiousness because one is tidy and disorganised in equal measure, and the other is neither.

That is the whole argument for printing thirty numbers. A headline of 50 is the least informative line on the report; the two facets at the far ends of that domain are the ones actually worth reading. The report flags it whenever a domain's six facets span forty points or more.

Reverse-scored questions are why an all-agree run does not give you top marks. Half the Openness items are worded the other way round, so agreeing with everything lands you at exactly the midpoint — which is the correct answer for someone who agreed with everything.

That is what the word at the end of each question means below. Up means agreeing with it raises that facet. Down means the question is worded backwards, so agreeing with it lowers the facet instead. Every facet has four questions, and which way each one runs is printed with it.

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Openness

O1–O6 Open · Practical
O1

Imagination

Scoring high

The inside of your head is busy. Your answers describe daydreaming as a place you go on purpose rather than somewhere attention drifts when it is not being used.

Scoring low

You answered as someone who stays in the room. Fantasy is not much of a draw, and attention that is not needed elsewhere goes to what is actually in front of you.

  1. Q 003 I have a vivid imagination up
  2. Q 033 I enjoy wild flights of fantasy up
  3. Q 063 I love to daydream up
  4. Q 093 I like to get lost in thought up
O2

Artistic Interests

Scoring high

Art registers. Your answers describe someone for whom music, poetry or a good building is not decoration around the edge of life but one of the reasons the day was worth it.

Scoring low

Art is not a channel you use much. Your answers suggest a gallery or a poem does not do for you what it evidently does for other people, and you are not pretending otherwise.

  1. Q 008 I believe in the importance of art up
  2. Q 038 I see beauty in things that others might not notice up
  3. Q 068 I do not like poetry down
  4. Q 098 I do not enjoy going to art museums down
O3

Emotionality

Scoring high

You feel things at full volume and you know what the feeling is. This facet is not about having emotions — everyone has them — it is about how much of the signal reaches you clearly.

Scoring low

Your answers describe some distance from your own feelings. They are there, they just do not come with labels attached, and the reading takes a while to arrive.

  1. Q 013 I experience my emotions intensely up
  2. Q 043 I feel others' emotions up
  3. Q 073 I rarely notice my emotional reactions down
  4. Q 103 I don't understand people who get emotional down
O4

Adventurousness

Scoring high

New beats familiar. Your answers describe someone who orders the unknown dish, takes the other road, and treats a change of routine as a small gift rather than a small tax.

Scoring low

Familiar beats new. Your answers describe a preference for the route you know and the thing that worked last time, which is a strategy with a much better hit rate than it gets credit for.

  1. Q 018 I prefer variety to routine up
  2. Q 048 I prefer to stick with things that I know down
  3. Q 078 I dislike changes down
  4. Q 108 I am attached to conventional ways down
O5

Intellect

Scoring high

Abstract argument is fun. Your answers describe someone who will follow an idea for its own sake, including past the point where it stops being obviously useful.

Scoring low

Theory for its own sake does not hold you. On your answers, the question that matters about an idea is what it is for, and an argument with no exit into practice is an argument you leave.

  1. Q 023 I love to read challenging material up
  2. Q 053 I avoid philosophical discussions down
  3. Q 083 I have difficulty understanding abstract ideas down
  4. Q 113 I am not interested in theoretical discussions down
O6

Liberalism

Scoring high

You answered toward questioning the arrangement. Rules, traditions and the way things are done are, in your answers, things that had reasons once and should be able to produce them again.

Scoring low

You answered toward keeping the arrangement. Long-standing ways of doing things get the benefit of the doubt, on the reasonable grounds that most of them are load-bearing and it is expensive to find out which.

  1. Q 028 I tend to vote for liberal political candidates up
  2. Q 058 I believe that there is no absolute right and wrong up
  3. Q 088 I tend to vote for conservative political candidates down
  4. Q 118 I believe that we should be tough on crime down

Conscientiousness

C1–C6 Consistent · Flexible
C1

Self-Efficacy

Scoring high

You expect to be able to do things. Your answers describe a working assumption of competence, which is the quietest of the thirty and one of the most consequential: it decides what gets attempted.

Scoring low

Your answers are uncertain about your own capability. Whether that is accurate is a separate question from whether it is costly, and the cost shows up before the attempt rather than during it.

  1. Q 005 I complete tasks successfully up
  2. Q 035 I excel in what I do up
  3. Q 065 I handle tasks smoothly up
  4. Q 095 I know how to get things done up
C2

Orderliness

Scoring high

Things go where they go. Your answers describe someone who keeps order because disorder is actively uncomfortable, not because a system was imposed from outside.

Scoring low

Order is not your organising principle. Your answers describe a tolerance for mess that is genuine tolerance — the pile is not bothering you, and tidying it would be for somebody else’s benefit.

  1. Q 010 I like to tidy up up
  2. Q 040 I often forget to put things back in their proper place down
  3. Q 070 I leave a mess in my room down
  4. Q 100 I leave my belongings around down
C3

Dutifulness

Scoring high

You keep your word. Your answers describe obligations that stay felt after the enthusiasm has gone, which is the entire mechanism by which anything long gets finished.

Scoring low

Your answers hold commitments loosely. A promise made under different circumstances is, on your answers, open to renegotiation when the circumstances change — which is more reasonable than it sounds and more annoying than it sounds.

  1. Q 015 I keep my promises up
  2. Q 045 I tell the truth up
  3. Q 075 I break rules down
  4. Q 105 I break my promises down
C4

Achievement-Striving

Scoring high

You are aiming at something. Your answers describe wanting to be good at the thing rather than merely finished with it, and a standard that is yours rather than the room’s.

Scoring low

Ambition is not the engine here. Your answers describe someone content with enough — a position that costs something in a competitive setting and buys something everywhere else.

  1. Q 020 I work hard up
  2. Q 050 I do more than what's expected of me up
  3. Q 080 I do just enough work to get by down
  4. Q 110 I put little time and effort into my work down
C5

Self-Discipline

Scoring high

You can make yourself start. Your answers describe the ability to begin a task you do not want to begin, which is a narrow skill that a great deal else depends on.

Scoring low

Starting is the hard part. Your answers describe difficulty getting going on things you fully intend to do, which is a different problem from not wanting to do them and is usually mistaken for it.

  1. Q 025 I am always prepared up
  2. Q 055 I carry out my plans up
  3. Q 085 I waste my time down
  4. Q 115 I have difficulty starting tasks down
C6

Cautiousness

Scoring high

You think first. Your answers describe someone who looks at the consequences before acting, and who would rather be slow than be quick and wrong.

Scoring low

You act, then find out. Your answers describe a short gap between the impulse and the movement — which loses you some decisions and wins you the ones where the window was closing.

  1. Q 030 I jump into things without thinking down
  2. Q 060 I make rash decisions down
  3. Q 090 I rush into things down
  4. Q 120 I act without thinking down

Extraversion

E1–E6 Expressive · Inward
E1

Friendliness

Scoring high

Warm on arrival. Your answers describe someone who starts from open rather than working up to it, and for whom meeting people is not a thing that needs a run-up.

Scoring low

You answered like someone who takes a while. Not unfriendly — the warmth is there, it is just issued to people who have been around a bit rather than to everyone at the door.

  1. Q 002 I make friends easily up
  2. Q 032 I feel comfortable around people up
  3. Q 062 I avoid contacts with others down
  4. Q 092 I keep others at a distance down
E2

Gregariousness

Scoring high

More people is better. Your answers point to crowds and groups as the good version of an evening, rather than the version you tolerate to get at one or two conversations.

Scoring low

Groups cost you something. Your answers prefer the small number — one or two people, or none — and a crowd reads as work even when the people in it are people you like.

  1. Q 007 I love large parties up
  2. Q 037 I talk to a lot of different people at parties up
  3. Q 067 I prefer to be alone down
  4. Q 097 I avoid crowds down
E3

Assertiveness

Scoring high

You take the front of the room. Your answers describe someone who will say the thing, run the meeting and make the call, without needing to be handed permission first.

Scoring low

You let someone else lead. On your answers, taking charge is not a pull, and a room with a competent person already steering it is a room you are happy to be a passenger in.

  1. Q 012 I take charge up
  2. Q 042 I try to lead others up
  3. Q 072 I take control of things up
  4. Q 102 I wait for others to lead the way down
E4

Activity Level

Scoring high

The pace is quick. Your answers describe a full schedule kept on purpose, and a relationship with being busy that is closer to appetite than to obligation.

Scoring low

The pace is unhurried by choice. Your answers describe someone who does not fill the day for the sake of it and does not find much virtue in being busy.

  1. Q 017 I am always busy up
  2. Q 047 I am always on the go up
  3. Q 077 I do a lot in my spare time up
  4. Q 107 I like to take it easy down
E5

Excitement-Seeking

Scoring high

You answered toward the loud end. Risk, noise and speed are on your side of the ledger, and a situation with a bit of danger in it reads as interesting rather than as a warning.

Scoring low

Thrills are somebody else’s. Your answers describe a low appetite for the sharp end of an experience — not fear, just an honest assessment that the quiet version is the better one.

  1. Q 022 I love excitement up
  2. Q 052 I seek adventure up
  3. Q 082 I enjoy being reckless up
  4. Q 112 I act wild and crazy up
E6

Cheerfulness

Scoring high

Cheerful as a resting state. Your answers describe good spirits that show up without a reason and are visible to other people, which is the part that makes this a social trait and not a mood one.

Scoring low

Your answers describe a level register. Good things land as good things, they just do not come with much outward fizz, and the default expression is closer to even than to bright.

  1. Q 027 I radiate joy up
  2. Q 057 I have a lot of fun up
  3. Q 087 I love life up
  4. Q 117 I look at the bright side of life up

Agreeableness

A1–A6 Accommodating · Direct
A1

Trust

Scoring high

You start from believing people. Your answers describe a default assumption of good intentions, which is right far more often than it is wrong and costs a great deal on the occasions it is wrong.

Scoring low

You start from checking. Your answers describe someone who does not extend good faith automatically, and who has noticed that people’s stated reasons and actual reasons come apart often enough to matter.

  1. Q 004 I trust others up
  2. Q 034 I believe that others have good intentions up
  3. Q 064 I trust what people say up
  4. Q 094 I distrust people down
A2

Morality

Scoring high

Straight dealing, including when it costs. Your answers describe a low tolerance for manoeuvring, flattery and the useful half-truth, in yourself as well as in other people.

Scoring low

Your answers allow for manoeuvre. Presentation, timing and telling people what will land are, on your answers, part of how things get done rather than a line you are unwilling to cross.

  1. Q 009 I use others for my own ends down
  2. Q 039 I cheat to get ahead down
  3. Q 069 I take advantage of others down
  4. Q 099 I obstruct others' plans down
A3

Altruism

Scoring high

Helping is a reflex, not a decision. Your answers describe someone who is genuinely available — the asking is not resented and the help is not being counted.

Scoring low

Your answers ration it. Help is something you give deliberately rather than by default, and being asked is a request to be considered rather than a thing to be said yes to.

  1. Q 014 I love to help others up
  2. Q 044 I am concerned about others up
  3. Q 074 I am indifferent to the feelings of others down
  4. Q 104 I take no time for others down
A4

Cooperation

Scoring high

You give way. On your answers, a disagreement is worth less than the relationship it is happening inside, so you are the one who yields more often than not.

Scoring low

You hold the position. Your answers describe someone willing to sit in a disagreement rather than smooth it over, and who does not treat conflict as something that needs to be ended quickly.

  1. Q 019 I love a good fight down
  2. Q 049 I yell at people down
  3. Q 079 I insult people down
  4. Q 109 I get back at others down
A5

Modesty

Scoring high

You do not take up much room. Your answers describe someone who states their own case small — sometimes smaller than the facts would support, which is the cost of this end.

Scoring low

You know what you are worth and you say it. Your answers describe comfort with claiming credit, which reads as confidence to some people and as too much to others, largely depending on the room.

  1. Q 024 I believe that I am better than others down
  2. Q 054 I think highly of myself down
  3. Q 084 I have a high opinion of myself down
  4. Q 114 I boast about my virtues down
A6

Sympathy

Scoring high

Other people’s trouble gets to you. Your answers describe a soft spot that is genuinely soft, and a pull toward the person on the wrong end of a situation.

Scoring low

Your answers describe a harder head about need. Sympathy exists, it is just not the thing making the decision, and you are more willing than most to look at whether help would actually help.

  1. Q 029 I sympathize with the homeless up
  2. Q 059 I feel sympathy for those who are worse off than myself up
  3. Q 089 I am not interested in other people's problems down
  4. Q 119 I try not to think about the needy down

Neuroticism

N1–N6 Reactive · Steady
N1

Anxiety

Scoring high

The what-ifs arrive early and arrive on their own. Your answers describe a running background list of things that could go wrong, kept up to date whether or not you asked for it.

Scoring low

Worry, on your answers, waits to be given a reason. Situations that would have other people running scenarios tend to reach you as the situation itself rather than as the scenarios.

  1. Q 001 I worry about things up
  2. Q 031 I fear for the worst up
  3. Q 061 I am afraid of many things up
  4. Q 091 I get stressed out easily up
N2

Anger

Scoring high

You answered as someone who gets angry and knows it. The fuse is short enough to notice, and the thing that lit it does not have to be large to do the job.

Scoring low

Irritation takes real provocation to appear here. The ordinary friction of a day — bad drivers, slow queues, people being careless — mostly does not register as something to be angry about.

  1. Q 006 I get angry easily up
  2. Q 036 I get irritated easily up
  3. Q 066 I lose my temper up
  4. Q 096 I am not easily annoyed down
N3

Depression

Scoring high

Your answers describe a mood that can drop without an event to hang it on, and a bad stretch that takes its time lifting. This is the facet the word neuroticism was originally reaching for.

Scoring low

The floor holds. On your answers, low moods are tied to things that actually happened and lift when the thing is dealt with, rather than settling in on their own schedule.

  1. Q 011 I often feel blue up
  2. Q 041 I dislike myself up
  3. Q 071 I am often down in the dumps up
  4. Q 101 I feel comfortable with myself down
N4

Self-Consciousness

Scoring high

You answered like someone aware of being looked at. The possibility of being judged is present in the room, and it costs attention that would otherwise be on what you were doing.

Scoring low

Being watched does not seem to cost you much. Your answers suggest the internal audience is quiet — embarrassment is something that happens occasionally rather than something being guarded against.

  1. Q 016 I find it difficult to approach others up
  2. Q 046 I am afraid to draw attention to myself up
  3. Q 076 I only feel comfortable with friends up
  4. Q 106 I am not bothered by difficult social situations down
N5

Immoderation

Scoring high

The thing you want now tends to win. Your answers describe difficulty holding a line against an appetite once it shows up, which is the facet doing most of the work in the word impulsive.

Scoring low

Cravings, on your answers, lose. You can want something quite a lot and not have that translate into doing it, which is a narrower and more useful ability than it sounds.

  1. Q 021 I go on binges up
  2. Q 051 I rarely overindulge down
  3. Q 081 I easily resist temptations down
  4. Q 111 I am able to control my cravings down
N6

Vulnerability

Scoring high

Under real pressure your answers say the machinery gets harder to run. Not that you fold — that the thinking narrows exactly when a situation is asking for more of it, and you know this about yourself.

Scoring low

Pressure and panic come apart for you. Your answers describe someone who stays functional in the moment the situation goes wrong, and sorts out how they feel about it afterwards.

  1. Q 026 I panic easily up
  2. Q 056 I become overwhelmed by events up
  3. Q 086 I feel that I'm unable to deal with things up
  4. Q 116 I remain calm under pressure down

Where these questions came from

They are IPIP items — the International Personality Item Pool, run out of Oregon Research Institute, which placed its entire item bank in the public domain: free to use, commercially or not, with no permission needed. This is the 120-item arrangement published by John Johnson in 2014, unaltered and in its original interleaved order.

The order matters. The questions are deliberately shuffled so that four items measuring the same thing never sit together — put them in a row and people start answering the pattern instead of the question. Sorting them by facet, which would make this booklet tidier, would change the instrument.